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קאַזאַכסטאַן: 'דער מאָמענט פון אמת פֿאַר אַפגהאַניסטאַן'

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מיר נוצן דיין לאָגין צו צושטעלן אינהאַלט אין די וועג איר האָבן צושטימען און צו פֿאַרבעסערן אונדזער פארשטאנד פון איר. איר קענען אַנסאַבסקרייבז אין קיין צייט.

By Colin Stevens in Almaty

MAGAZINEALMATY 1RESIZE

‘No country alone can resolve the puzzle of the Afghanistan,” - the special EU envoy in Kabul Vygaudas Usackas told EU Reporter. – “We came to Afghanistan to ensure that Afghanistan will never become a source of international terrorism; to eliminate the poverty and now to secure the progress has been made in 11 years; especially in respect of women’s rights”.The debate on future of Afghanistan took place in Almaty on 26th of April during the third conference of ministers of foreign affairs of Istanbul process,  hosting representatives from 14 member-countries, 17 states supporting the forum and 11 international organisations, - all together about 50 delegations.

The initiative started in November 2011 in Istanbul was put forward by Turkey, Afghanistan and Central Asian countries with а strong support of the United Nations as the process on regional security and cooperation for prosperous and stable Afghanistan. The further developments took place at Chicago Summit in 2012 were nations confirmed their commitment to Afghan people, declaring that the assistance will go beyond the transition period.
The Kazakh engagement with Afghanistan has its own history. Back in 1996 with aggravating security problems in the Northern provinces the meeting of the heads of states of Central Asian countries and Russia took place in Almaty upon the Kazakh initiative.
However in spite of restless efforts a great deal of work is ahead as the major problem, which caused the Western engagement, is not yet resolved:

“Unfortunately, Afghanistan is continuing to export terrorism,” - said the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev, addressing the event. – “Today among the major challenges of regional development is the problem of drugs production and trafficking”’.  At present Russia and Azerbaijan co-chair the Istanbul process expert group on drug trafficking. The Russian delegation raised the growing concern about the problem of cannabis and synthetic exports, which requires most thoughtful consideration.

All together at the moment there are six group set up to respond on different challenges. The process includes fourteen countries involved in Afghanistan, initiated by Central Asian states and Turkey. They have agreed to an initiative called the “Istanbul process,” which aims for regional security cooperation. Countries involved in the process will work on the measures in order to create joint regional projects and to promote existing activities.
The delegations agreed the crucial role of the international community in focusing on measures for post-conflict peace-building and development of the Afghan economy: Sadly, the issue of strengthening of international humanitarian and investment assistance to Afghanistan is still at “a very modest stage”, said pointed out President Nazarbayev.
“Kazakhstan is ready to offer their services to the organisation of a new international platform for effective solutions to the problem”, - concluded the President, drawing attention to the problem of a poor shape of Afghan economy. The poverty represents a true challenge for stability for a number of the countries and regions:
“For the third year, all we have seen the range of stability of the world "drops out" in a number of states, before steadily gaining momentum of economic and social development. It is about a group of countries in the Middle East and North Africa.  The real threat of destabilisation is there for some Asian countries”, - warned Nazarbayev. He vividly disagreed with the assessments in which the authors argue that the mission of the international coalition in Afghanistan allegedly did not reach their goals.
‘The immediate threat to the safety of the procedure has been reduced and localised. Yes, there are problems in the process of Afghan settlement, but even here there are positive changes’, - concluded the President.
One of the crucial elements in supporting development of Afghan economy will be construction of the transport network, connecting the country to its Northern neighbour and integrating into the Central Asian region. Until present such a vital activity as road construction efforts by the international partners has been plagued by insurgency, poor oversight cost overruns and corruption.
Within this complexity of situation the biggest contribution to Afghan people will be the education and trainee of the young specialists, said the minister of the foreign affairs of Kazakhstan Erlan Idrissov.
"The biggest and most visible contribution of Kazakhstan, very clearly characterises our approach to aid to Afghanistan - a special program to educate and train Afghan personnel. The Kazakh government has allocated $ 50 million for a 5 year period to train 1,000 Afghan students in civilian professions - doctors, engineers, farmers, teachers,"- Erlan Idrissov underlined at the conference.
However, he noted that the obligated amount in itself is not only important but the fact that it is an investment in the future of Afghanistan. "It is not the amount of money; we wanted to show the importance of investing in the young generation of Afghanistan, the future of Afghanistan. This is our principled position, and we believe that it is so important to follow these formats to assist Afghanistan, emphasising the development of the human capital of the country,"- said Idrissov.
The issue of the NATO troop withdrawal has not been perceived as a threat by the majority of the participants. Russian expert Yuri Solozobov called the fears exaggerated. The candidate for the President of Iran, Guchang Amir Akhmadi, is convinced that on contrary the withdrawal of the troops is going to weaken substantially the influence of Taliban on the population.
At the moment the largest part of the country’s territory is already under governmental control.

The latest conference became into being after the Chicago Summit, where the international community confirmed its commitment to the Afghan people both in economic and military terms, agreeing to provide financial assistance and training of the army officers.

אַדווערטייזמאַנט

The latest conference put forward the creation of a trust fund and the idea will be developed through further negotiations with Afghan authorities. As the conclusion a declaration was adopted aiming to develop further the confidence-building measures. However the forth coming presidential elections in April next year remain a challenge.
According to the EU envoy, Vygaudas Usackas, China indicated its interest in hosting the next meeting.
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שער דעם אַרטיקל:

פֿאַרבונדענע סוגיות:
EU רעפּאָרטער פּאַבלישאַז אַרטיקלען פֿון אַ פאַרשיידנקייַט פון אַרויס קוואלן וואָס אויסדריקן אַ ברייט קייט פון מיינונג. די שטעלעס גענומען אין די אַרטיקלען זענען נישט דאַווקע די פון EU רעפּאָרטער.
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